The academic and retail versions are the same product. The difference is in the End User License Agreement (EULA).
You can read the EULA if you want, but in short it says the the academic version is for education/training only and cannot be used for commercial purposes.
That means that the PCs/servers that you use to earn income, whether you work for a business or are self-employed, must have retail versions of the software installed. If you write a manuscript with MS Word and sell it to a publisher, then the copy of MS Word used to create that work must be a retail version. If you have a website that accepts payments, the software that was used to develope the site and the software on the server running it must be retail versions.
What you can do is create, develope and test your work on PCs/servers built entirely with academic editions of software,
THEN
when you are ready to deploy them commercially, you must copy that work over to PCs/servers built entirely with retail versions of software, resave as needed and deploy the software from the 'retail' machines.
Using academic editions of software in a business setting is a violation of the license agreement.